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WEBBYWANDA.TV'S ZEBRA SCIENCE FACTS
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Plains zebra
Equus burchellii

The most familiar of the striped members of the horse family, living in harems on the grasslands of Africa.

Physical description
Short-legged and rather fat-looking horses, the most obvious feature of plains zebra is their black and white stripes. These cover the body in a pattern unique to each individual. They are generally vertical down the neck, becoming diagonal towards the rear, and horizontal on the legs. They are relatively broad (compared to other species of zebra). The mane is upright and striped to match the neck. The tail is striped with a dark tassle.

Distribution
East Africa.

Habitat
Savannah and grasslands.

Diet
Grass.

Behaviour
Zebras are social animals - communicating through changes in the positions of the ears and tail as well as sound. The social group consists of a male and a few females, which stay in the same harem all their adult lives, staying in a home range. However, harems often group to form herds, joined with large numbers of bachelor males, and in places where the dry season is harsh, such as the Serengeti, the harems gather to migrate.

There is no mistaking what you're seeing when you spot a horselike animal with black-and-white stripes: it's a zebra.

And each zebra has its own unique pattern of those distinctive stripes, just as humans have their own unique pattern of fingerprints.
No two sets of stripes—or fingerprints—are exactly the same. Zebras may even use stripe patterns to help them recognize different individuals.

Scientists have several theories about other reasons why zebras have stripes. Camouflage leads the list. Stripes make a herd of zebras look confusing to a predator, especially when they're moving, and particularly at dawn and dusk.

It's hard to tell where one zebra ends and another begins. If a predator such as a lion can't pick out an individual zebra to zero in on for a kill, it's less likely to succeed in bringing one down for a meal.

If a zebra is picked out of a herd by a predator—such as a lion, leopard, hyena, or cheetah—its main defense, after running, is a few powerful kicks with its hind legs.

The main diet of zebras is grass. They also eat bark and leaves, as well as buds, fruit, and roots. They graze during the day, sticking together in herds.

Within a herd, zebras tend to stay together in smaller family groups. Families are generally made up of a male, several females, and their young, these groups are called harems.

 


Reproduction
Males fight over the possession of harems, and mating can take place at any time of year (peaking after rain). The gestation period is 370 days, after which a single foal is born that is able to walk and suckle within an hour of birth. If in good condition, the female may come into heat immediately after the birth. Otherwise the birth interval is two years. The mother keeps the foal away from the herd for several days. The foal starts grazing after a few weeks but is not weaned for 8-13 months. Sexual maturity is reached at 3, although males cannot usually defend a harem until they are 6 or more.

Conservation status
Not currently threatened.

Voice
A number of braying calls and whickering greetings.

History
Modern horses are all closely related. They all have only one functional toe (with the nail formed into a hoof) on each foot. Their ancestors back in the Eocene, though, like Propalaeotherium, had three on the front feet and four on the back. They also had pads like a cat or dog. They were small animals, living in the vast expanses of Eocene forest. As plains opened up, fast-running animals evolved. Some horses adapted to this lifestyle and grew long, running legs. Some reduced their toes further to just one, and about 2 million years ago the first Equus appeared. During the Pleistocene most of the horse family went extinct, and only Equus survived, giving rise to all the modern horses.
Reference from:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/wildfacts/factfiles/628.shtml

As with horses, male zebras are called stallions, females are mares, and the young are called foals.

As a zebra grazes, it uses its sharper front teeth to bite the grass, and then uses its duller back teeth to crush and grind. A zebra's teeth keep growing for its entire life, because constant grazing and chewing wears them down.

Zebras are constantly on the move to find fresh grass and water. Sometimes they gather in huge herds of thousands as they migrate to better feeding grounds. They often travel in mixed herds with other grazers and browsers, such as wildebeest.
FAST FACTS
There are three species of zebra. The scientific name for the Burchell's zebra is Equus burchellii.

This species is also called the plains zebra and the common zebra. They are, in fact, the most common of the three species.
The scientific name for the mountain zebra is Equus zebra. The Grevy's zebra is Equus grevyi. Mountain and Grevy's zebras are endangered species.

A group of zebras is called a herd.

Zebras live in parts of Africa.

On average, a zebra in the wild lives 25 years.
A baby zebra can stand up just 20 minutes after it's born. It can run when it's an hour old.

A zebra's night vision is believed to be as good as an owl's.

 

 

 


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Zebras range from a height of 3.5 to 5 feet (1 to 1.5 meters) at the shoulder. They weigh from 440 to 990 pounds (200 to 450 kilograms).

Zebras belong to the horse family.

A zebra can run up to about 35 miles per hour (56 kilometers per hour).

Zebra noises include braying, barking, and snorting.

Zebras groom one another. If you see two zebras standing close to each other and it looks like they're biting each other, don't worry. They're pulling loose hairs off each other as they groom. Grooming also feels good to a zebra—it's like having an itch scratched.

Facts from National Geographic:
http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/

 
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