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INFORMATION FROM WWF The panda is not special just because it is one of the most well known and charismatic animals. It is also a very peculiar species, with many unique and very interesting characteristics. How many are left in the wild?PANDA POPULATION IN THE WILDBy 2004, there were estimated to be 1,600 pandas alive in the wild.
How does this compare to past figures? In the first ever mass survey that took place between 1974-1977, the researchers estimated that there were around 1,000 -1,100 giant pandas in the wild. In the 2nd ever survey, done between 1985-1988, again, around 1,000 animals were thought to exist.
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PANDA FACTS: Pandas' molars are very broad and flat. The shape of these teeth helps the animals crush the bamboo shoots, leaves, and stems they eat. To get the bamboo to their mouths, they hold the stems with their front paws, which have enlarged wrist bones that act as thumbs for gripping. |
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How do you count pandas?Knowing how many pandas exist in the wild is not an easy task.
In fact, it requires a massive amount of effort and some not very pleasant activities... Teams of volunteers trek out into steep, mountainous areas and look for signs of the panda. The thing they keep an eye out for: dung! When they find it, they sift through the dung to pick out pieces of undigested bamboo. The way they identify individual pandas is from their bite marks on this undigested bamboo... which are all different (a bit like fingerprints). Remember that pandas are solitary and shy animals that usually roam remote and hard to reach areas in China's bamboo forests and mountains. Often, researchers have to walk for days and days, inspecting every meter of the forests for panda poop! Each team of researchers is composed of about 40 people who are then divided into smaller sub-groups. A team can usually cover approximately 80 km2 each day. Why don't you have more recent panda population data?Although the last full panda census was done in 2004, the giant panda's habitat is secure and even growing, with new reserves and "green corridors" being created. (Green corridors allow the pandas to move between each of the large reserves.)
All our studies indicate that the recovery of the species is steady, specially thanks to the work of the Chinese government, local communities and WWF staff. ProblemsOngoing threats to the panda's survivalDespite the conservation success in the panda's habitat in recent years problems still persist.
The major factors contributing to habitat loss and fragmentation — the most pressing threats to the giant panda — are:
The illegal wildlife trade and the natural phenomenon of bamboo die-back are also threats. Because of China's dense and growing human population, many panda populations are isolated in narrow belts of bamboo no more than 1.2km wide — and panda habitat is continuing to disappear as settlers push higher up the mountain slopes. |
Pandas are shy; they don't venture into areas where people live. This restricts pandas to very limited areas. As people continue to farm, log, and develop land higher and higher up the mountain slopes, the pandas' habitat continues to shrink. Sometimes when all the bamboo in their area dies off naturally, pandas starve because they're unable to move to new areas where other bamboo species thrive. Conservation organizations and Chinese government officials and scientists continue to work toward resolving the pandas' isolation problems. Maintaining bamboo corridors—strips of undisturbed land through which pandas can comfortably travel from mountain to mountain—are one of the many ideas that may help save the giant panda. Text by Catherine D. Hughes FAST FACTS In addition to 1,000 giant pandas in the wild, there about 127 in captivity. Giant pandas live in zoos in China, the United States, Mexico, Japan, Germany, and North Korea. Giant pandas may live to be up to 30 years old in captivity. After the age of six, female giant pandas begin to have cubs. Female pandas give birth to one or two cubs every two years. A cub nurses for about four months and then begins to nibble on bamboo. By the age of six months, it no longer nurses. Giant pandas may live to be up to 30 years old in captivity. After the age of six, female giant pandas begin to have cubs. Female pandas give birth to one or two cubs every two years. A cub nurses for about four months and then begins to nibble on bamboo. By the age of six months, it no longer nurses. Giant pandas are generally solitary. Males and females come together briefly to mate. Young pandas stay with their mothers for up to 18 months. Giant pandas weigh between 165 and 300 pounds (75 and 136 kilograms). Habitat loss caused by logging is the largest threat to giant pandas today.
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People and pandas - often conflicting needsA long historyPeople have shared the environment with the panda for centuries and have relied on the area's natural resources for their livelihood. As the population has grown, many human activities have become unsustainable and significantly eroded the panda's habitat.
Millions of people live in and around the panda's habitat, many of them in the cities of Xi'an and Chengdu. As economic activity increases, more people will continue to move to the area adding more pressure to an already overburdened ecosystem.
Economic development
When logging in the panda's habitat was banned in 1998, new threats emerged, such as:
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The Chinese name for panda is daxiongmao, which means "large bear-cat." Newborn pandas weigh only 3 to 4 ounces (85 to 113 grams)—1/900th of what their mother weighs. Giant pandas are found in the wild only in mountainous bamboo forests of southwestern China. The scientific name for the giant panda is Ailuropoda melanoleuca. Copy from Kids National Geographic What you can do:
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